Wednesday, December 23, 2009

After a long break

As the year comes to an end, and the hope of the recovery gets stronger, the US GDP data today proved to be a dampener. The unexpected 2.2% was much poorer compared to the estimate of 2.8%. The home sales data showed a 7.4% rise and added to the belief that things are looking north. Even the poor GDP had a silver lining that this would result in a much better data for the 4th quarter.

Fed rates are still at their record low and playing their part perfectly well in fostering growth and look to keep the repo rates lower(near zero) for an extended period. The recovery should be gradual. The high unemployment rate though is a major cause of worry and would be a major hurdle to a holistic growth. Obama urged even the smaller banks to accelerate lending as this would help smaller businesses grow and bring down the unemployment. The data from the Bloomberg states that the economy has lost 7.2 million jobs since the recession began in December 2007. Payroll cuts peaked at 741,000 in January before receding to 11,000 in November.

One of my favorite economists, Josesph Stiglitz is still not convinced of the recovery. He argues that in order to help job creation the economy needs to grow at atleast 3% and for that to happen government needs to provide a second stimulus package soon in the short term future. Otherwise, he warned, chances of a slowdown is very very high. To add to that feeling of a difficult recovery Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago President Charles Evans said the U.S. jobless rate will probably stay “quite high” next year while inflation, excluding food and fuel, will be little changed.

This was an year of confusions, an year where several economic theories were challenged, an year when conventional wisdom was tested and an year when the world finally looked up to Asia. Amidst all of it one man stood his ground (and was re-elected for a second term), named as the top thinker in the world and as the TIME man of the year Ben Bernanke stood out in his efforts to prevent a recession turning into a depression. Hope the magazine cover curse which Krugman talks about in his N Y Times blog does not come true for him.

Wednesday, July 23, 2008

Mobile Phone OS: Symbian vs. iPhone vs. Android

Now more than half of the world's population (over 3.3 billion people) owns a mobile phone. The competition in the mobile market is increasing with a series of OS released in quick succession. Though the chance of a single market leader is rare but the majority leader is bound to make immense profit. What makes mobile platforms simpler to predict than desktops and other general purpose computers is because it's almost completely a B2B business environment. The impact of B2B environment vs. B2C is can be seen clearly in portable computers (UMPC & Laptops). The distribution of OS in laptops is primarily a B2B decision and hence you will find no Linux laptops. The factors which will determine the leader:

  1. B2 ABC of marketing
    1. Pricing: The fundamental difference between a B2B business and
      B2C business comes as the price of the software. Mind you I am talking about Total cost of ownership. On your desktop you can install any OS (free or otherwise) but most users do not use/get after sales service and maintenance. The condition is totally different for a mobile phone. Since you are getting a finished product, the vendor is obligated to provide upgrades and maintenance. This puts the pressure on the vendor to choose between propriety OS that provides after sales service or a "free" OS and train in-house experts.

    2. Integration of business systems: Integration of supply chain becomes a major issue for mobile phones. Desktops use standard OS, one size fits all but each mobile phone is unique. Mobile phones are extremely optimized. The machines are optimized for size, low power usage, high battery life, low weight and maximum features. The OS needs to adapt for the phone and quick prototypes are required by the OS developers. This requires extensive merging of supply chains. This merging is essential for faster development and feedback system. To implement this merging an extensive IT framework and collaboration managers are required.
    3. Supply chain management: There are two kinds of supply chain management: Push and Pull.
      1. Push: Push marketing is a simple chain. The suppliers add value to the product as it travels down the chain. The total cost of chain is generally born by the user.
      2. Pull: Pull marketing brings about excellent optimizations in the picture. Here the consumer becomes the primary master and demand commands the supply. Walmart is probably the most exquisite example of this framework.

      Mobile phones primarily are run by push marketing at the moment. The entire price of the product is born by the user and the choices to the user are fairly limited. It's amazing how ignorant most users are about their phones. Mobile market is already 3.3 billion whereas the total Smartphone market is expected to cross 1 billion unit mark by 2010. So even if some people prefer some particular OS in their smart phones, a majority of users still limited by the choices handed to them by their vendor.

  2. Collaboration: The recent success of the iPhone despite several glaring flaws in the feature list and limited success of Symbian phones over the past few years shows that the major factor influencing consumer decision is still the hardware features in the phone. So the ruling of the roost will be decided by the collaborations that the software companies make with hardware developers.
  3. Developers
    1. OS developers: Developers always play a decisive role in OS popularity but only if they participate in large quantities. However the chances that a public developer will contribute to an OS "owned by a company" is rare. I am not sure a lot of OS developers are going to develop Android for free. Also after the recent "opening" of Symbian platform, Android lost its edge. Nokia's existing infrastructure and a stable OS is going to give it a good advantage over Android. However how willing Nokia will be to work with other Cell phone vendors for promoting Symbian, remains to be seen.

      Bottom line both companies have to develop their own respective OS. The existing dominance of Nokia in the field and years of experience are definitely going to help Nokia here.
    2. App developers: After seeing profits made by iPhone in App development, and the millions of dollars invested by Google for development of Android Apps, this is one area you cant ignore. Free/paid apps, if easily delivered give the OS a much needed advantage. Companies are going to need much more than just money to attract developers. There are far more number of apps for Symbian than the iPhone but since iPhone apps are far easily manageable by a normal user they brought far more revenue to Apple than Symbian. Ease to install app and easy to develop SDK will be a big boon for the market. Quickly shipping out good SDK's will be crucial

There are several OS's with an early lead. Several features are present only in a particular OS and those features prevent migration of users from one OS to another (like exchange syncing). As the market opens up and standards are defined, soon every user will become fair game, competition will lead us to better, faster mobiles with more features.